Zonie brought up one of the most important subjects connected to long range hunting / shooting, WIND. I have A 1500yd range set up on the mountain out back of my house, I live in the Cascade mtn range in WA. state. I have Mule deer and Elk out back I hunt yearly. I'm retired at 54, I shoot long range almost every day of the year. In doing so, of the many thing's others have listed above to over come, wind is with out doubt the trickiest aspect of A long range shot. I've had it blowing as many as 3 different directions at once. With all the tech out there today, you can, with A LOT of practice, dial all but two variables out, shooting position, and wind! I'm using A G-Seven long range shooting system hand held computer and Bushnell 1600 ranging bino's with a portable weather station to compute all the others. I shoot all kinds of different angles, distance, weather etc...etc. In choosing one caliber for shooting long distance, In my opinion I would look at 1. bullet wt and BC to caliber, for cutting wind, flatter trajectory, retained energy down range. 2. Horsepower/ speed, also for, wind, trajectory, and energy. 3. Can you shoot it with accuracy EVERY shot, there's no excuse for wounding or maiming an animal do to Vanity at long range. A 10 mph cross wind at 700yds will move A 190gn VLD shot from A 300 Ultra mag at 3210fps over 22". 4. Cost / Availability of ammo / components to reload, I can tell ya it costs A lot more to reload my 30-378 and 338-378 than the other 34 calibers I own. 5. Weight, can you pack it up and down mountain's all day and still make A 700-800yd shot, you might be surprised. 6. Expense of the gun in general, It took over A year and around 350 round's, and I can't count the different load's, to get my 30-378 shooting .5 MOA out to 1100yds. I hope this post help's you in some small way on your decision. Good luck on your choice, And good shooting to Ya.....Jerry